Dry macular degeneration is when the center of the retina begins to deteriorate. All patients begin with the dry form which is typically is slow to progress. Progression of the dry stage begins when drusen forms. Drusen are subretinal epithelial deposits - protein deposits on the retina. These protein deposits can cause loss of smaller spots of vision. Loss of vision during this stage is most easily described as "looking through a slice of Swiss cheese".

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Wet macular degeneration is the "end stage" progression of visual loss. With wet macular degeneration, leaky blood vessels grow under the retina and fluid builds up. Symptoms of developing wet macular degeneration include warped, wavy, and bending vision. Should this occur, a referral to a Retina Specialist is recommended to minimize vison loss if possible.

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The best way patients can self monitor any changes is with an Amsler Grid.